‘Lost Generation’ of The Genocide

“Lost” Generation of Children in Gaza at Risk of a Decade Without Education Amid Israeli Genocide: Cambridge Study

A new study has warned that there is a severe risk of a “lost” generation emerging in Gaza, after two-year Israeli genocide through a combination of the assault’s physical and psychological effects, as well as the destruction of schools. The study found that children in Gaza will have lost the equivalent of five years’ worth of education.
 
The genocide has come close to erasing children’s right to education, researchers from Cambridge University found.

The report, which follows a similar study in 2024, provides an analysis of the impact of more than two years of Israeli genocide in Gaza, as well as escalating Israeli attacks in the occupied West Bank.

There are about 1.5 million children aged six to 15 in Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territories. The report said the schooling of more than 740,000 pupils had been severely disrupted and the lives of 27,000 teachers affected.

It warns that there is a severe risk of a “lost” generation emerging in Gaza, through a combination of the war’s physical and psychological effects, as well as the destruction of schools. 

Despite the ceasefire that took effect in October,  “learning recovery” would take longer than simply replacing the time lost due to the compounding effects of trauma and starvation, the researchers said.

The study estimates that children in Gaza will have lost the equivalent of five years’ worth of education due to repeated school closures since 2020, first through Covid-19, and then Israeli genocide. 

Although temporary and distance-learning measures were introduced by the UN agency for Palestinian refugees, UNRWA, and the Palestinian Ministry of Education, these have been impeded by continuing Israeli attacks, damaged infrastructure and chronic resource shortages.

The authors calculate that if schools remain closed until September 2027, many teenagers will be a full decade behind their expected educational level.

They also estimate that children in the West Bank have lost a minimum of 2.5 years of education as schools have also been sporadically closed.

There is also urgent need for education-related international aid in Gaza to address both severe learning losses and the assault’s psychological effects, the study said. 

It added that Israel is blocking educational and recreational materials from entering Gaza, as it does not classify these as humanitarian goods. 

This has made materials available in local markets more expensive, with a single sheet of paper costing $3. Printing materials for pupils to learn at home can cost 10 times the usual amount.

The researchers calculated the cost for education recovery to be $1.38bn. All schools in north Gaza and Rafah have been damaged, 98.4 per cent of school buildings in Khan Younis have been damaged and in Gaza City it is 93.3 per cent. Many school buildings that had not been destroyed were being used as shelter by displaced families.

As the population forcibly displace around Gaza, either south during earlier Israeli attacks or returning north after ceasefire, this also stretches makeshift facilities, meaning learning is done online despite unstable internet connections.

Education will depend on foreign aid for the foreseeable future, the researchers said, adding that, of the US$230.3 million requested by the UN humanitarian office, OCHA, for education in 2025, only 5.7 per cent had been provided by July, equating to about US$9 per child. 

The study was conducted by researchers at the Research for Equitable Access and Learning Centre (REAL Centre) at Cambridge University and the Centre for Lebanese Studies, in partnership with the UN agency for Palestinian refugees, UNRWA. It draws on data from UN agencies, charities and NGOs, alongside interviews with aid organisation staff, government officials, teachers and pupils.

Dr. Maha Shuayb, director of the Centre for Lebanese Studies, said, “Education and children’s services cannot be an afterthought. They are a vital source of stability and care.”

Many children have been left too weak to learn or play, the report warns. 

Alongside evidence of a shattered school system, it describes how attacks, starvation and trauma have eradicated any sense of “normal’ childhood.

Prof. Pauline Rose, director of the REAL Centre, said: “A year ago we said education was under attack – now children’s lives are on the brink of a complete breakdown.”

“Palestinians have shown extraordinary desire for education during this terrible war, but the loss of faith and hope that young people are expressing should be a massive red flag for the international community. We must do more to support them. We cannot wait.”

Yusuf Sayed, a professor of education at the University of Cambridge, said teachers and counsellors were displaying steadfastness and commitment to “preserving Palestinian identity through education”, but warned the scale of need was immense according to the Quds News Network.

“Thousands of new teachers will be needed to replace those who have been lost or to support a complete learning recovery. Investing in teachers is crucial to rebuilding and restoring education in Palestine,” he said.

As of October 1, 2025, the OCHA reported 18,069 pupils and 780 education staff killed in Gaza in Israeli attacks. There were also 26,391 pupils and 3,211 teachers wounded. About 13,000 children in the enclave had been treated for acute malnutrition, while 147 died.

The report found evidence of widespread despair. Teachers recounted parents asking: “Why should I care about education for my kids if I know they will die from famine?”

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    CrossFireArabia

    Dr. Marwan Asmar holds a PhD from Leeds University and is a freelance writer specializing on the Middle East. He has worked as a journalist since the early 1990s in Jordan and the Gulf countries, and been widely published, including at Albawaba, Gulf News, Al Ghad, World Press Review and others.

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    Watch Out: Israel is Secretly Filling The West Bank With Settlements

    DEIR AMMAR, Occupied West Bank—Mustafa Badaha drove along the edge of his land, past rows of olive trees he could no longer access. A red string put up by Israeli settlers demarcated the border of what was stolen from him in Deir Ammar, a Palestinian town around 17 kilometers northwest of Ramallah in the occupied West Bank. The settlers had recently established a new outpost in the area named Ramataim Zofim.

    “Everything is legal—I have permits—but it makes no difference. A settler comes and simply says, ‘This is my land. You have no place here,’” Badaha told Drop Site. For years, he cultivated the land, building a small summer home where his family would gather. “Now, no one can go there—if we try, we are attacked,” he said. “What was once my joy is now my greatest fear.”

    A red string put up by Israeli settlers on Mustafa Badaha’s land in Deir Ammar in the occupied West Bank demarcating the land they took over. April 30, 2026. Photo by Naqaa Hamed.

    Settlers began routinely attacking Palestinians in the area back in August 2025. “They came here armed, created problems with the youth and the families, and even fired live ammunition,” Badaha said. He contacted the Palestinian Authority, who reached out to Israeli authorities. “The attacks kept increasing day after day. At first, the settlers were about 500 meters away, then gradually they kept getting closer until they reached the houses,” he said. “Every day there are provocations. They block the road, and with the youth we reopened it several times. Recently, there was another major attack and they blocked the road again.” After contacting the Israeli police, the Israeli military eventually arrived and detained Palestinians from the community instead of the settlers.

    “The youth were insulted, detained for over an hour, searched, and had their IDs checked. I asked the officer, ‘What are we supposed to do? You tell us not to react, but settlers are the ones attacking,’” Badaha exclaimed. “We are living under constant attacks. This is our home, our land—we have water, electricity, internet—everything. Yet there is no safety.”

    Ramataim Zofim is one of 34 settlements secretly approved by the Israeli security cabinet in late March, a decision that was only revealed in Israeli news reports last month. It marked the largest number of settlements approved by any Israeli government at one time. The decision to officially approve new settlements or to legalize outposts allows for the establishment of water and electricity infrastructure, further entrenching their presence on Palestinian land.

    The 34 new settlements established by the Israeli security cabinet join 68 settlements the current government has approved since its formation a little over three years ago. By comparison, only six new settlements were formally approved by Israel in the 30 years between the signing of the Oslo Accords in 1993 and the establishment of the current government. Over the past three decades, thousands of additional housing units have been approved within existing settlements, like Ma’ale Adumim which lies just east of Jerusalem and is home to up to 40,000 Israeli settlers.

    “This represents an unprecedented pace and scale of expansion,” Amir Daoud, director of Publishing and Documentation at the Colonization and Wall Resistance Commission, told Drop Site. Until the establishment of the current Israeli government there were 127 official settlements in the West Bank, according to the Israeli group Peace Now. Adding over 100 new official settlements represents an increase of nearly 80%.

    “These new sites are distributed across the West Bank in what can be described as a fragmented but comprehensive pattern, effectively targeting the entire territory,” Daoud said. “Overall, this wave of approvals reflects a clear race against time to impose as many facts on the ground as possible, in order to achieve long-standing strategic goals.”

    A map of the 34 newly approved Israeli settlements approved in March 2026. Credit: Peace Now.

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    The International Court of Justice, UN Security Council resolutions, and international law experts agree that all Israeli settlements in the occupied West Bank are illegal under international law.

    “Consistent with long-standing settlement policy, these new sites contribute to the fragmentation of Palestinian areas while simultaneously creating territorial continuity between settlements,” Daoud said. “This is especially evident in central parts of the West Bank, where settlement placement further disrupts Palestinian geographic cohesion.”

    Five of the newly approved settlements are in the governorate of Al-Khalil (Hebron) in the south of the territory and home to the largest Palestinian city in the West Bank. One of the settlements, which lies southwest of the city of Al-Khalil, named Meged, has affected land that Fahed Qawasmi and his family have cultivated for generations.

    “My sister and I lost about three dunams [about 0.75 acres] of our land,” Qawasmi told Drop Site. “We only realized what was happening from neighbors—they had already taken around 300 to 400 dunams [about 74 to 100 acres] before reaching our land…We rushed there, but settlers attacked my brother on the land.”

    The establishment of a new settlement has geographical ripple effects far beyond the actual settlement itself. “If a settlement is built, it won’t just take the land it stands on. It will expand around it, turning the surrounding areas into closed military zones,” Qawasmi said. “That means more land lost, more restrictions, and no access—not just for us, but for nearby homes and fields as well.”

    Qawasmi said that grapevines more than 100 years old and police trees planted by his father were all uprooted. “This land is extremely valuable to us—not in money, but because it was passed down through generations. My father inherited it from his father, and so on. We were even offered to sell it before, but we always refused. This land is not for sale,” he said. “To lose it like this, without any right, is devastating. It destroys you emotionally.”

    In the north of the West Bank, six of the newly approved settlements form a semi circle around Jenin, surrounding the Palestinian city from the west, south, and east.

    “The land involved here is around 500 dunams [around 123 acres], and what’s happening now—through road construction and gradual takeover—means this entire area could effectively be confiscated,” Mohammad Arqawi, the head of the village council of Al-Arqah village in Jenin, told Drop Site. “And when 500 dunams are affected, it doesn’t just impact one group. It affects farmers, traders, workers, shepherds—the entire local community.”

    A staggering 40,000 Palestinians have been displaced across the West Bank since the beginning of 2025 by demolitions, settler attacks, and access restrictions, according to a statement by the Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General Farhan Haq. Meanwhile, violence by Israeli settlers and soldiers against Palestinians in the West Bank and East Jerusalem has skyrocketed to unprecedented levels. According to the United Nations, between October 7, 2023 and April 23, 2026, at least 1,088 Palestinians—including 238 children— have been killed. Forty-two of them have been killed since the beginning of 2026. The UN said that the first four months of 2026 have seen the most violent start to a year since monitoring of settler violence and harassment began in 2013.

    “This is just the beginning—the impact will grow,” Arqawi said. “Every time settlers attack, the army is present. The situation has become almost routine—settlers and army operating together on a daily basis.”

    * Sharif Abdel Kouddous contributed to this report which is published in the Drop Site website

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