Palestinian Filmmaker: From Gaza to Norway

Mohamed Jabaly, Palestinian filmmaker from Gaza, has lived through extraordinary circumstances. Born during the first intifada and raised during the second, Jabaly’s life has been shaped by the relentless turbulence in his homeland.

Now residing in Tromso, Norway, his journey is a testament to resilience, displacement, and the power of storytelling.

Jabaly’s path to Tromso, however, was not a straightforward one. “Tromso and Gaza, in the first place, are twin cities,” he tells Anadolu, referring to the long-standing relationship between the two. In 2013, a Norwegian delegation screened one of his short films in Gaza, marking the beginning of a meaningful connection. “They invited me in 2014 to visit Tromso and be a part of the film festival there.”

However, life in Gaza rarely follows a predictable script. The summer of 2014 brought a 51-day assault on the blockaded enclave, delaying Jabaly’s departure. Amid the chaos, he joined an ambulance unit, capturing the harrowing reality of frontline responders. This footage became his first feature documentary, Ambulance.

“Shortly after the attacks, I traveled to Tromso,” he recalls. “What was supposed to be a one-month visit turned into seven years.”

Two weeks after his arrival, the Rafah border closed, trapping him in Norway. “I decided not to seek asylum. Instead, I applied for an artist visa, and that’s when this whole journey began.”

Starting from below zero

Life in Tromso was a stark contrast to Gaza. Jabaly describes his first winter in Norway with characteristic candor. “It was dark, below zero, and everything was new. I had never touched snow in my life,” he says. Adapting to this unfamiliar environment was not just a physical challenge but an emotional one as well.

“Being far from my family, my friends, my city … that was the biggest challenge,” he says. With limited resources, he relied on the generosity of friends who hosted him. Volunteering at film and music festivals allowed him to contribute to his new community while earning small amounts to survive. “Norway is an expensive country, but I managed to stand on my feet. I started from below zero, not just with the temperature but in life.”

Capturing the human impact of displacement

Jabaly’s second feature documentary, Life is Beautiful, chronicles his experience of being caught between two worlds: the homeland he could not return to and the foreign land he had to call home. “It puts new names and faces into the struggle of displacement and statelessness,” he says. The film not only highlights the challenges of being a Palestinian in exile but also raises awareness about the broader human struggle of stateless individuals worldwide.

“In Palestine, I was always Palestinian. In Gaza, I was always Gazan. Suddenly, I’m considered stateless,” he explains, touching on the complex legal and emotional terrain of his identity. “I didn’t make the film just to make a film. I wanted to shed light on our human struggle and fight the term ‘statelessness.'”

The indelible mark of Gaza

For Jabaly, Gaza is not just a place; it is an integral part of his identity. “You cannot escape from your identity,” he asserts. “Being from Gaza became even more special today with what’s happening. But all Palestinians share the same struggle. We try to raise awareness and insist on our freedom.”

This deep connection fuels his work. “If life had been normal, I wouldn’t need to make films about freedom. But I was born into a struggle, and that’s what drives me to tell our stories.”

Looking ahead

Despite the heavy burden of his past and the ongoing challenges facing Gaza, Jabaly remains hopeful. “I imagine having a film school in Gaza in five years,” he shares. “If life gave me normalcy, I would build things. But for now, I feel compelled to make films about war and our human struggle.”

As for his immediate plans, Jabaly’s work continues to be shaped by the present-day realities of Gaza, where Israel has killed more than 45,000 people since Oct. 7, 2023. “It’s difficult to be creative when your mind is occupied with worry. But we have to insist on our narrative and raise awareness for future generations.”

‘Life is beautiful’

Jabaly’s unwavering optimism shines through, even in the face of despair. “I named my film Life is Beautiful because I hope one day life will be beautiful. If not today, maybe tomorrow, or next year.” It is a sentiment that encapsulates his journey and his vision — a reminder that even amidst the darkest times, hope persists for a new dawn.

CrossFireArabia

CrossFireArabia

Dr. Marwan Asmar holds a PhD from Leeds University and is a freelance writer specializing on the Middle East. He has worked as a journalist since the early 1990s in Jordan and the Gulf countries, and been widely published, including at Albawaba, Gulf News, Al Ghad, World Press Review and others.

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Destroyed Treasures of Gaza Speak of Muslim Heritage

 The ongoing war in Gaza, which started in October 2023, is the last phase of a long process of “eradicating Palestinian physical presence” in the Gaza Strip as well as erasing the Arab historical monuments, archaeological sites and sacral architecture. 

Gaza has been populated since the Bronze Age and it was an important commercial hub on a trade route that went from the southern tip of the Arabian Peninsula to the Mediterranean. The Gaza Port connected southern Europe and the Greco-Roman world with the incense trade from Hijaz.

Meanwhile, an exhibition opened last week at Paris’s Institut du Monde Arabe (IMA) that showcases a glimpse of Gaza’s archaeological heritage against the relentless warfare and destruction in the region. 

The event titled, “Rescued Treasures of Gaza: 5,000 Years of History,” will conclude on 2 November and it features over 130 objects that attest to the rich and complex history of Gaza as a crossroads of culture and commerce between Asia, Africa and Europe.

The density and distribution of its archaeological sites surveyed in 1944 at the end of the British Mandate and updated by the Palestinian Department of Antiquities in 2019 is eloquent.

A total of 130 sites to which should be added the remains of ancient cities and towns within the cities of Gaza, Khan Yunis, Dair Al Balah, Rafah and Bait Hanun, in tens of villages and in eight Palestinian refugee camps, noted a British-affiliated archaeologist Claudine Dauphin.

Bronze and Iron ages

Near the Wadi Gaza ford on the ancient coastal road linking Palestine and Egypt since the Bronze Age, the Way of Horus ancestor of the Roman Via Maris, lie two major Bronze Age sites. 

“Rescued from developers in 1997 and excavated by Pierre de Miroschedji on behalf of the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique [CNRS], Tel as-Sakan [3,400-2,350 BC] offered a 10 meter high stratigraphic section covering 1000 years of the Early Bronze Age and urban development under Ancient Egyptian impetus,” Dauphin explained.

The archaeologist added that excavated by the British Egyptologist Sir Flinders Petrie (1925-1942) in 1930-1934, Tel El Ajlun (1,900-1,200 BC) yielded in several Bronze Age buildings, including the “Palace”, five large deposits of gold jewelery (1,750-1,550 BC) ranking amongst the greatest Bronze Age finds in the Levant, now in the British Museum and the Rockefeller Museum in Jerusalem. 

In 1990 Professor Louise Steel of the University of Wales, Trinity St David’s, Lampeter sifted through the previously excavated soil, unearthing dozens of foundation cones stamped with the cartouche of Pharaoh Thutmosis III (1,481-1,425 BC). 

Excavations were resumed by a University of Gothenburg Swedish Mission directed by Peter Fisher in collaboration with Moain Sadeq of the Palestine Department of Antiquities in 1999 and 2000 focusing on Late Bronze Age levels, Dauphin underlined.

“Thus, from the 4th millenium BC ties were established with Egypt before it took Southern Palestine in the Early Bronze Age and ruled over the Egyptian Province of Canaan in the Late Bronze Age. Mentioned as ‘Hazattu’ in an Egyptian text dated to the reign of Pharaoh Thutmosis III [1,484-1,421 BC], Gaza itself was probably founded in the 3rd millennium BC,” Dauphin elaborated.

The archaeologist noted that its region was overseen by a pharaonic Egyptian agent, but the city itself was a kingdom whose ruler pledged allegiance to the pharaoh. 

Spectacular and also the earliest (Late Bronze to Early Iron Age, 13th-11th centuries BC) of that particular category of ancient coffins, were 50 anthropoid clay coffins found in 1973 in the excavations of a cemetery south of Dair Al Balah under Israeli occupation (1967-2005). 

Coil-built in local clay, the naturalistic face lids were moulded in relief displaying large Egyptian features- almond-shaped-eyes, arched eyebrows, straight noses and full lips, Dauphin said, noting that arms are often thin and stick like, crossed or holding objects such as lotus blossoms. 

Grotesque style coffins have eyes, eyebrows, nose, mouth, ears and beard that have been applied separately to the leather-hard clay, this being associated with the construction practices of the Philistines, the scholar underlined, adding that from the dates associated with the finds, it appears that the coffins originated with Egyptian influences in Canaan and were subsequently adopted by the Philistines. 

“These burials were typically associated with a large variety of expensive grave offerings: Cypriot, Cananite, Egyptian, Mycenaean and Philistine pottery storage jars, pithoi and cooking pots outside the coffin and smaller, higher quality Cypriot milk bowls, Egyptian alabaster cups, pilgrim flasks and juglets. flasks and juglets inside,” Dauphin highlighted. 

Endangering Gaza’s cultural heritage 

The cultural heritage of the Gaza Strip has been endangered both indirectly and directly continuously since the creation of Israel in 1948. 

It increased significantly during the Israeli occupation of the Gaza Strip (1967-2005) ; the June 2006 Israeli air raids and incursions in retaliations from 2008 until now. A danger to the cultural heritage of Gaza has been both indirect and direct. 

Indirect danger

Demographic growth in the Gaza Strip has led to the destruction of archaeological sites by bulldozers preparing the ground for building new homes for the growing population, widening main thoroughfares and providing sports ground for children and youths to evacuate stress, Dauphin said.

The archaeologist noted that, the damage inflicted from the air by Israeli bombs on a sports field at Mukheitin in the Northern Gaza Strip damaged a Byzantine ecclesiastical complex under the surface revealed revealed a small church.

“In the course of three excavation seasons [1998-2002], a three-aisled church, an offertory chapel, and a four-room building with a baptistery were uncovered. A 450 m2 mosaic pavement was restored by the Musée de l’Arles Antique [Museum of the Antique city of Arles in Provence],” the scholar said.

The archaeologist added that 17 Greek inscriptions from the 5th to the mid-8th century AD enabled the identification of this site with a funerary complex for a wealthy Christian family of Gaza. At Abu Baraqeh, the widening in 1999 of the coastal road in Dair Al Balaq revealed a small church on the shore. 

Its pavement was lifted by mosaic-restoration experts of the Museum of Arles in Provence and restored in France, the archaeologist added. 

Direct Danger

Direct danger is posed both by carpet-bombing and targeting. It is clear from the successive lists of destroyed cultural sites produced by UNESCO that IDF pilots have a predilection for targeting and deliberately target, which is more effective in radically destroying, as emphasized by Hamdan Taha, the founder of the Palestinian Department of Antiquities. 

“Since the start of the 2023-24 war on Gaza, Palestinian cultural heritage has undergone widespread destruction from Israeli targeting of ancient sites, historical and religious buildings, museums, cultural and academic buildings, public buildings, and infrastructure,” Taha said. 

“More than 100 archaeological sites, 256 historical buildings, many museums, hospitals, libraries, cemeteries, and over 100,000 archaeological objects, were destroyed” [“Destruction of Cultural Heritage in Gaza”, Jerusalem Quarterly 97, Spring 2024, 45-70],” Taha elaborated. 

Further damage leading to total eradication is caused by demolition, the movements of military vehicles and the installation of pumps, as at Anthedon (Tel Blakhiyyah) which had been listed on 2 April 2012 as a tentative World Heritage Site, Dauphin concluded.

Jordan Times

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Burning Muslim Civilization

Omar Hamad writes:

The French scientist Pierre Curie said: “If the books of Muslims had not been burned in Andalusia, we would be roaming among the galaxies today.

He also added that: “After the fall of the Islamic Andalusian civilization, we were able to split the atom with the help of 30 scientific books written by Muslims.”

Muslim libraries have been burned multiple times. Among them was the Library of Baghdad, which was destroyed by the Tatars and contained more than a million books, making it the largest library in human history.

The Crusades also burned a vast number of scientific books authored by Muslim scholars. Additionally, the fall of Al-Andalus—the state of science, knowledge, technology, and civilization—marked another great loss.

And these Zionists continue on the same path, burning books, science, technology, and civilization. They have burned trees, stones, humans, homes, and humanity itself.”

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