55 Years on: Muslims Fear Al Aqsa Torching Could be Repeated

As we remember the 55th anniversary of the burning of the blessed Al-Aqsa Mosque, the threats targeting the Muslim holy places seem to be more dangerous than ever. These threats are growing daily amidst the Israeli genocide in the Gaza Strip, ongoing since 7 October, 2023 according to the Palestine Information Center.

On 21 August, 1969, the Zionists burned the Al-Aqsa Mosque.

The Zionist Jewish terrorist Dennis Michael Rohan deliberately set the Mosque on fire that devoured large and important parts of its landmarks, most notably the pulpit of Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi.

The burned out area extended to more than a third of its total space, as more than 1,500 square meters were scorched.

The area of ​​Al-Aqsa Mosque is 144 dunums, including the front Qibli Mosque, Dome of the Rock Mosque, Marwani prayer hall, Bab al-Rahma prayer hall, as well as the benches, arcades, corridors, wells, external gates and everything surrounding Al-Aqsa from the walls and external walls, including the Buraq Wall.

Significant damage and impunity

The fire caused significant damage to the construction of the Al-Aqsa Mosque, its columns, arches, and ancient decorations. The roof of the mosque fell to the ground as a result of the fire, and two main columns fell with the arch supporting the dome.

Parts of the decorated inner dome, mihrab, and the southern walls were also damaged, and 48 of the mosque’s windows made of gypsum and stained glass were shattered. The carpets, many of the decorations, and Quranic verses were burned.

Simultaneously with the fire, the occupation forces cut off water to the Qibli Mosque and its surroundings, and were slow to send fire engines, which prompted the Palestinians to put out the fire with their clothes and water from the wells of Al-Aqsa Mosque.

The Israeli occupation authorities claimed that the fire was caused by an electrical short circuit, but Arab engineers proved that it was caused by an act of arson, which forced the occupation to arrest Rohan and bring him to trial. It was not long before he claimed that he was mentally disturbed and then he was released.

A year after the fire, restoration work began under the supervision of the Islamic Endowments Department in Jerusalem, affiliated with Jordan’s  Ministry of Endowments.

The restoration work continued until 1986, when the bricks were removed and prayers resumed in the southern part of the mosque. An iron pulpit replaced that of the Nour al-Din Zanqi pulpit in 2006.

The burned area of ​​the Al-Aqsa Mosque amounted to more than a third of its total area, with more than 1,500 square meters burned.

Raging fires

Since 2003, the Israeli occupation authorities have allowed settlers to storm the Al-Aqsa Mosque through the Mughrabi Gate in the western wall of the mosque.

Since then, thousands of Zionist settlers have stormed the mosque every day except Friday and Saturday, amidst provocations against worshipers and mosque guards.

Silence and isolation

The Europeans for Jerusalem Foundation warned of the dangers targeting the Al-Aqsa Mosque amid the Israeli genocide in the Gaza Strip.

The foundation said in a statement on the occasion of the 55th anniversary of the burning of Al-Aqsa Mosque: The anniversary comes amid more dangerous incidents affecting the mosque and seeking to impose a new fait accompli on it and divide it temporally and spatially with complete silence and Israeli monopoly over the crime of genocide committed against the Palestinians in the Gaza Strip.

It pointed out that days before the anniversary, the extremist Israeli Minister of National Security Itamar Ben-Gvir and the Minister of Negev and Galilee Affairs Yitzhak Wasserlauf participated in storming Al-Aqsa Mosque, which now witnesses the performance of Jewish extremists’ prayers and epic prostration in the mosque with the approval of the Israeli police, which until recently prevented this.

Last year, Hebrew newspapers revealed a plan by the Zionist Knesset member from the Likud Party, Amit Halevy, aimed at dividing Al-Aqsa Mosque.

His plan stipulates controlling the Dome of the Rock and turning it into a place of worship for Jews, in addition to the northern area of ​​the mosque’s courtyards, while Muslims will be allowed to pray in the southern prayer halls and their facilities only.

Halevy claimed that the reason for focusing on controlling the Dome of the Rock is that “the First and Second Temples are located under it.”

The plan also includes allowing Jews to storm Al-Aqsa through all gates and not just Bab Al-Maghariba as is the case today, in addition to canceling Jordanian sponsorship of Al-Aqsa Mosque and canceling any status for Jordan over the holy places.

The occupying state is working through several paths to Judaize Al-Aqsa Mosque and impose new facts on it, noting that more than 125 attacks on the mosque have been documented over the past seven months and that 28,653 settlers have participated in storming the mosque since the beginning of the year until the end of last July.

The anniversary of the burning of Al-Aqsa Mosque is an occasion to remind us of the extent of the violations committed by the Israeli authorities against the mosque and the entire city of Jerusalem, whose indigenous residents face the most heinous forms of racial discrimination in modern times, according to Europeans for Jerusalem Foundation.

It stated that the Al-Aqsa Mosque is a global cultural heritage that requires global efforts to protect it and rid it of the brutal occupation that seeks to falsify history and Islamic cultural identity.

It indicated in light of the growing dangers targeting the mosque, which remain a frequent ignition fuse, especially with the presence of this extremist government whose ministers openly call for imposing a new fait accompli in the mosque in violation of the historical and legal right recognized by the United Nations, the international community must take urgent action to stop the Israeli violations against the mosque, its worshipers, and all Islamic and Christian sanctities in the city of Jerusalem.

CrossFireArabia

CrossFireArabia

Dr. Marwan Asmar holds a PhD from Leeds University and is a freelance writer specializing on the Middle East. He has worked as a journalist since the early 1990s in Jordan and the Gulf countries, and been widely published, including at Albawaba, Gulf News, Al Ghad, World Press Review and others.

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Paris Exhibit Itches Out GAZA

As Israel’s continues its devastating war and relentless humanitarian blockade, the ancient Gaza Strip – once a radiant Mediterranean hub of commerce, culture, and religious coexistence – now faces a deeper erasure: not just from maps, but from the world’s collective memory.

A new exhibition at the Institut du Monde Arabe in Paris, titled ‘Gaza’s Saved Treasures: 5,000 Years of History,’ seeks to resist that disappearance. Running from April to November this year, the show presents around 100 archaeological masterpieces that illuminate Gaza’s extraordinary legacy as a crossroads of civilizations – from the Bronze Age to modern times.

The exhibition is both a celebration and a lament: a tribute to Gaza’s millennia-old cultural wealth, and a sober reckoning with what has been lost to Israel’s deadly occupation.

Gaza’s strategic location has always made it a coveted prize for empires – Egyptian, Persian, Roman, and Ottoman – but it was also a channel for connection, where cultures and religions converged.

The exhibit – with amphorae, oil lamps, coins, statuettes, and mosaics on display – tells the story of Gaza as a vital Mediterranean port and cultural meeting point.

Its history – shaped by Canaanite, Egyptian, Philistine, Neo-Assyrian, Babylonian, Persian, Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Islamic, and Crusader influences – reveals a city that flourished at the heart of ancient trade and intellectual exchange.

Among the most striking items is a dazzling Byzantine mosaic from Jabaliya, part of an ecclesiastical complex reflecting Gaza’s early Christian heritage.

Nearby, amphorae once used in the wine trade testify to the city’s crucial role in Mediterranean commerce, while figurines blend Egyptian motifs with Hellenistic gods, echoing a world of syncretism and porous cultural boundaries.

Race against oblivion

Since the start of Israel’s war on Gaza in October 2023, the territory’s cultural heritage has suffered catastrophic damage.

According to UNESCO, nearly 70 cultural sites have been destroyed or severely damaged, including the historic Greek Orthodox Church of Saint Porphyry – one of the oldest active churches in the world.

Where once stood mosaics, temples, and centuries-old tombs, there are now craters and rubble due to Israel’s ongoing bombardment. In this context, the exhibition in Paris becomes something urgent and defiant: a safeguard for memory, a museum in exile.

Much of the exhibition’s content is drawn from a trove of over 500 artifacts housed since 2007 at Geneva’s Museum of Art and History, entrusted to Switzerland by the Palestinian National Authority for safekeeping.

Many of the works stem from Franco-Palestinian excavations launched in 1995, supplemented by pieces from private collections – some of which are being shown publicly for the first time.

The curators have taken care not to separate Gaza’s ancient grandeur from the present-day suffering inflicted by Israel.

One dedicated section of the exhibition uses satellite imagery and field reports to map the devastation inflicted on cultural heritage since 2023.

French, Swiss, and Palestinian scholars have contributed rare documentation – including early 20th-century photographs of Gaza – that provide a visual archive of what once was and what may never return.

The exhibition makes no attempt to hide the political context. It explicitly refers to the destruction as part of “Israel’s brutal genocide,” anchoring the cultural annihilation in a broader system of occupation, blockade, and war.

By doing so, the Paris exhibition challenges the silence often surrounding cultural loss in war zones, raising questions about the responsibilities of international institutions and the politics of preservation as reported in Anadolu.

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‘Not A Single Mosque Remains Standing’

Not a single historic mosque in Gaza remains untouched following months of relentless Israeli bombardment, according to British archaeologist Claudine Dauphin.

“Every historic mosque in Gaza has been either partially or completely destroyed,” said Dauphin, who is affiliated with several archaeological missions in the region.

Among the most significant losses are the Omari Mosque and the KatibWilaya Mosque, both located in the Zaytun quarter of Gaza’s Old City. The KatibWilaya Mosque was originally constructed with funding from Ahmad Bey, the province’s chief secretary (katibwilaya) in 1586 during the Ottoman period. 

Its minaret once stood beside the bell tower of the Church of St. Procopius, symbolizing centuries of Muslim-Christian coexistence in Gaza—a connection also evident in the mosaic floors of the nearby Jabaliya Church.

“In the Shuja’iyya quarter, the Mamluk-era Zafardamri Mosque, built in 1360, was deliberately leveled in an airstrike,” Dauphin added. “The Mahkama Mosque, also Mamluk in origin, was similarly destroyed during the 2014 assault and again in the current offensive.”

The destruction extended beyond Mamluk and Ottoman heritage. The Othman Bin Qashqar Mosque was struck during an air raid in December 2023, and the Sayyid Hashim Mosque, built in Ottoman style and covering 2,400 square meters, was razed in the Daraj quarter.

Shrines, too, have been systematically targeted. The shrine of the Prophet Yusuf near Jabaliya, destroyed in 2014, was followed by widespread losses since October 2023. 

Among the shrines destroyed are the Al Husseini, Abu Al Azim, Ali Abu Al Kass, and Ali ibn Marwan shrines in Gaza City, as well as the Sheikh ‘Ali Al Mintar and Shaykh Radwan shrines on Tel Al-Mintar. Numerous other maqamat (shrines) in Al Shaykh ‘Ajlun were also obliterated.

Of special cultural and interfaith significance was the shrine of Al Khidr in Rafah, which held particular meaning for Christians who believed it housed the tomb of St. Hilarion, founder of Palestinian monasticism.

Modern mosques, built after the Ottoman period, were not spared. According to a January 2024 report by the Palestinian Ministry of Awqaf and Religious Affairs, at least 1,000 of the 1,200 modern mosques in the Gaza Strip have been partially or entirely destroyed.

“Among the losses in Gaza City are the Ali Ibn Marwan, Shaikh Zakaria, Al Mughrabi, and Sett Ruqayya mosques,” Dauphin noted.

Cultural and educational institutions were also hit. The Al Kamiliya Madrasa, built in 1237 by Ayyubid Sultan Al Kamil and featuring a central courtyard and two floors, was the last historic madrasa still standing in Gaza before it was destroyed. It had served both as a Quranic school and a shelter for poor students and travelers until 1930.

Cemeteries have not been spared either. At least 16 Muslim cemeteries across the Gaza Strip have been damaged or destroyed since October 2023. Among them is the Beit Hanoun Cemetery near Khan Yunis, which was reportedly excavated by Israeli forces. 

The Israeli military claimed they were searching for a Hamas tunnel or hostages, but provided no evidence, and independent verification of the alleged tunnel has not been possible.

“These sacred spaces, mosques, shrines, schools, and cemeteries, are not only part of Gaza’s cultural fabric,” Dauphin said. “Their destruction represents a profound loss of historical heritage, not just for Palestinians but for humanity.”

This report was written by Saeb Al Rawashdeh for The Jordan Times

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